Cytoprotection in intestinal/gastric cells against oxidative stress to evaluate IBD/Colitis using Intestinal (HT29)/ Gastric cells (AGS).

• Cell Model

  Intestinal (HT29)/ Gastric cells (AGS)

• End Point

  Restoration of cell viability

• Reference Drugs

  EGCG and Sulfasalazine

• Relevance

  IBD/Colitis

Apoptosis in intestinal/gastric cells against oxidative stress to evaluate IBD/Colitis using Intestinal (HT29)/ Gastric cells (AGS).

• Cell Model

  Intestinal (HT29)/ Gastric cells (AGS)

• End Point

  Anti-apoptotic potential against damage

• Reference Drugs

  EGCG and Sulfasalazine

• Relevance

  IBD/Colitis

Cytokine inhibition in intestinal/gastric cells against oxidative stress to evaluate IBD/Colitis using Intestinal (HT29)/ Gastric cells (AGS).

• Cell Model

  Intestinal (HT29)/ Gastric cells (AGS)

• End Point

  Inhibition of cytokines as compared to damage

• Reference Drugs

  EGCG and Sulfasalazine

• Relevance

  IBD/Colitis

Biomarker analysis by multiplexing to evaluate IBD/Colitis using Intestinal (HT29)/ Gastric cells (AGS).

• Cell Model

  Intestinal (HT29)/ Gastric cells (AGS)

• End Point

  Modulation of key biomarkers involved

• Reference Drugs

  EGCG and Sulfasalazine

• Relevance

  IBD/Colitis

Pancreatic Amylase enzyme activity to evaluate Digestive stimulation using α-amylase from Aspergillus oryzae.

• Cell Model

  α-amylase from Aspergillus oryzae

• End Point

  Increase in amylase activity

• Reference Drugs

  Dabur Hajmola

• Relevance

  Digestive stimulation

Pancreatic Lipase enzyme activity to evaluate Digestive stimulation using Lipase from Porcine pancreas.

• Cell Model

  Lipase from Porcine pancreas

• End Point

  Increase in lipase activity

• Reference Drugs

  Dabur Hajmola

• Relevance

  Digestive stimulation

Pancreatic Trypsin enzyme activity to evaluate Digestive stimulation using Trypsin from Bovine Pancreas.

• Cell Model

  Trypsin from Bovine Pancreas

• End Point

  Increase in trypsin activity

• Reference Drugs

  Dabur Hajmola

• Relevance

  Digestive stimulation

Pancreatic Chymotrypsin enzyme activity to evaluate Digestive stimulation using α-chymotrypsin from bovine pancreas.

• Cell Model

  α-chymotrypsin from Bovine Pancreas

• End Point

  Increase in chymotrypsin activity

• Reference Drugs

  Dabur Hajmola

• Relevance

  Digestive stimulation

Intestinal Sucrase enzyme activity to evaluate Digestive stimulation using cell free assay.

• Cell Model

  Cell free

• End Point

  Increase in Sucrase activity

• Reference Drugs

  Dabur Hajmola

• Relevance

  Digestive stimulation

Intestinal Maltase enzyme activity to evaluate Digestive stimulation using cell free assay.

• Cell Model

  Cell free

• End Point

  Increase in Maltase activity

• Reference Drugs

  Dabur Hajmola

• Relevance

  Digestive stimulation

Intestinal Lactase enzyme activity to evaluate Digestive stimulation using β-Galactosidase from E-coli.

• Cell Model

  β-Galactosidase from E-coli

• End Point

  Increase in lactase activity

• Reference Drugs

  Dabur Hajmola

• Relevance

  Digestive stimulation

Calcium absorption/digestion to evaluate Calcium digestibility using cell free assay.

• Cell Model

  Cell free

• End Point

  Calcium bio accessibility & Calcium digestibility

• Reference Drugs

  Calcium Carbonate & Calcium Citrate

• Relevance

  Calcium digestibility

Charcoal meal test in gastric emptying model using rats or mice, measuring GI transit and meal travel distance.

• Animal Model

  Wistar, SD Rat / Swiss Albino Mice

• End Point

  GI transit, Meal travel distance, % Activity

• Reference Drugs

  Metoclopramide

Anti-ulcer activity using indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model in rats, assessing ulcer area, ulcer count, and stomach histology.

• Animal Model

  Wistar/SD Rats

• End Point

  Ulcer area, Ulcer count, Score, Histology of stomach, Total acidity, Gastric pH

• Reference Drugs

  Ranitidine

Anti-ulcer activity using pylorus ligation model in rats, measuring ulcer area, total acidity, gastric pH, and stomach histology.

• Animal Model

  Wistar/SD Rats

• End Point

  Ulcer area, Ulcer count, Score, Histology of stomach, Total acidity, Gastric pH

• Reference Drugs

  Omeprazole

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) model in mice induced by overeating, assessing body weight, feed consumption, and histology of stomach and esophagus.

• Animal Model

  Mice

• End Point

  Body weight, Feed consumption, Stomach weight, Oesophageal length, Gastric volume, Histology of Oesophagus & stomach

• Reference Drugs

  Omeprazole

Ulcerogenic potential of test item in rats, measuring ulcer area, ulcer count, and stomach histology.

• Animal Model

  Wistar/SD Rats

• End Point

  Ulcer area, Ulcer count Score, Histology of Stomach

• Reference Drugs

  Lansoprazole

Loperamide-induced constipation model in rats using the metal bead test, measuring fecal count, weight, and histology of the colon.

• Animal Model

  Wistar/SD Rats

• End Point

  Fecal count, Fecal weight, Wet-dry weight ratio, Histology of colon

• Reference Drugs

  Prucalopride

Poly IC-induced intestinal inflammation model in mice, evaluating body weight, small intestine histology, and cytokine levels.

• Animal Model

  Balb/c Mice

• End Point

  Body weight, Histology of small Intestine, Tissue - CXCL10, IFN Beta & IL6

• Reference Drugs

  Sulfasalazine

Ex-vivo evaluation of colon tissue contraction and relaxation in organ bath system, measuring % contraction and % relaxation.

• Animal Model

  Wistar/SD Rats

• End Point

  % Contraction, % Relaxation

• Reference Drugs

  Acetylcholine, Dopamine

5-FU & physical damage-induced mucositis model in hamsters, assessing mucosal scoring, cheek pouch histology, and cytokine estimation.

• Animal Model

  Hamster

• End Point

  Mucosal scoring, Imagining, Histology of cheek pouch, Cytokine estimation

• Reference Drugs

  Dexamethasone

Loperamide-induced constipation model using the metal bead test assesses fecal count, fecal weight, wet-dry weight ratio, and histology of the colon to evaluate the effects of loperamide on gastrointestinal function and colon health.

• Animal Model

  Rat

• End Point

  Fecal count, Fecal weight, Wet-dry weight ratio, Histology of colon

• Reference Drugs

  Procloopride

Charcoal meal test in the gastric emptying model evaluates gastrointestinal (GI) transit by measuring meal travel distance and calculating the percentage of activity to assess the effects of various treatments on gastric emptying and intestinal motility.

• Animal Model

  Rat

• End Point

  GI transit, Meal travel distance, % Activity

• Reference Drugs

  Metaclopramide

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by overeating model examines body weight, feed consumption, stomach weight, esophageal length, gastric volume, and histology of the esophagus and stomach to comprehensively assess the physiological and structural changes associated with GERD induced by excessive food intake.

• Animal Model

  Rat

• End Point

  Body weight, Feed consumption, Stomach weight, Oesophageal length, Gastric volume, Histology of Oesophagus & stomach

• Reference Drugs

  Omeprazole